Stinson Reliant Single Engine, high wing, cabin class aircraft 1933-1941
Stinson Reliant:-
The Stinson Reliant was a popular single-engine four to five seat
high-wing monoplane manufactured by the Stinson Aircraft Division of
the Aviation Manufacturing Corporation of Wayne, Michigan.
Role:- Liaison and training monoplane
National origin:- United States
Manufacturer:- Stinson Aircraft Company
First flight:- 1933
Primary user:- United States Army Air Corps
Number built:- 1327
Contents:-
1.Design and development
2.Operational history
3.Variants
3.1 Civilian variants
3.2 Military variants
4.Specifications (SR-10F)
1.Design and development:-
The Reliant is a three-place high-wing fixed tailwheel land monoplane
powered with a variety of radial engines.
1,327 Reliants of all types were made from 1933 to 1941, in different
models, from SR-1 to SR-10. The final commercial model, the Stinson
Reliant SR-10, was introduced in 1938. A militarized version was first
flown in February 1942 and remained in production through several
additional versions (all externally identical) until late 1943 for the
US and British armed forces.
Reliant production can be broken into two distinct types
- the straight wing Reliants (all models up to SR-6) and the gull wing
Reliants (all models from SR-7 and after including the militarized
V-77/AT-19) with there being little in common between the two groups
of types. The straight wing Reliant had a wing of constant chord and
thickness which was supported by two struts each side with additional
bracing struts. In contrast the taper wing Reliant had the broadest
chord and thickness of the wing at mid span, with the outer wing
trailing edge heavily angled forward and a rounded cutout on the
leading edge root, all supported by a single strut. The taper wing had
a significant step up between the fuselage and the wing, and the
changes in wing thickness gave it a distinct gull appearance from the
front.
2.Operational history:-
The Reliant was used by the U.S. Army in World War II as a utility
aircraft, designated UC-81, and as trainer designated AT-19. They were
also used by the Royal Navy and Royal Air Force for light transport
and communication duties. After the war they were sold on the civilian
market as the Vultee V-77.
The V-77 was a spartan version of the SR-10 with the 300 hp Lycoming
R680-E3B, a single door on the left side and the traditional "Bump"
cowl was replaced with a simpler smooth cowl. Internal structure was
beefed up significantly over the commercial models and a distinctive
triangle shaped counterbalance was added to the rudder.
3.Variants:-
The SR-10 Reliant was available as a landplane, seaplane and skidplane
in the following configurations:-
.Ambulance (2 Stretchers)
.Cargo/Ambulance
.Target Towing
.Firefighting
.Photographic
3.1.Civilian variants:-
.SR Reliant
Powered by a 215 hp (160 kW) Lycoming R-680 radial piston engine.
.SR-1
Powered by a 240 hp (180 kW) Lycoming R-680-2 radial piston
engine. Two built.
.SR-2
Powered by a 240-hp (179-kW) Lycoming R-680-7 radial piston engine.
.SR-3
Similar to the SR-1, but with minor structural changes.
.SR-4
Powered by a 250-hp (186-kW) Wright R-760-E radial piston engine.
.SR-5
Improved version, powered by a 225-hp (168-kW) Lycoming R-680-4
radial piston engine.
.SR-5A
Powered by a 245-hp (183-kW) Lycoming R-680-6 radial piston engine.
.SR-5B
Powered by a 240-hp (179-kW) Lycoming R-680-2 radial piston engine.
.SR-5C
Powered by a 260-hp (194-kW) Lycoming R-680-5 radial piston engine.
.SR-5E
Powered by a 225-hp (168-kW) Lycoming R-680-4 radial piston engine.
.SR-5F
Powered by a 250-hp (186-kW) Wright R-760-E radial piston engine.
.SR-6
Five-seat cabin aircraft, powered by a Lycoming R-680-6 radial
piston engine.
.SR-6A
Four-seat cabin aircraft, powered by a 225-hp (168-kW) Lycoming
R-680-4 radial piston engine.
.SR-6B
Four-seat cabin aircraft, powered by a Lycoming R-680-5 radial
piston engine.
.SR-7
First gull wing series.
.SR-7B
Five-seat cabin aircraft, powered by a Lycoming R-680-B6 radial
piston engine. 47 built.
.SR-7C
Five-seat cabin aircraft, powered by a Lycoming R-680-B5 radial
piston engine. Three built.
.SR-8A
Four-seat cabin aircraft.
.SR-8B
Four-seat cabin aircraft, powered by a Lycoming R-680-B6 radial
piston engine.
.SR-8C
Four-seat cabin aircraft, powered by a Lycoming R-680-B5 radial
piston engine.
.SR-8D
Four-seat cabin aircraft, powered by a Wright R-760-E2 radial piston engine.
.SR-8DM
Utility transport version of the SR-8D.
.SR-8E
Five-seat cabin aircraft, powered by a 320-hp (239-kW) Wright
R-760-E23 radial piston engine.
.SR-8DE
Utility transport version of the SR-8E.
.SR-9
SR-9A
SR-9B
Powered by a Lycoming R-680-B2 radial piston engine.
.SR-9C
Powered by a Lycoming R-680-D5 radial piston engine.
.SR-9D
Powered by a Wright R-760-E1 radial piston engine.
.SR-9E
Powered by a Wright R-760-E2 radial piston engine.
.SR-9F
Powered by a Pratt & Whitney R-985 radial piston engine.
.SR-10
SR-10B
Powered by a Lycoming R-680-D6. One built.
.SR-10C
Powered by a Lycoming R-680-D5 engine. 46 built.
.SR-10D
Wright R-760E-1 engine. 3 built.
.SR-10E
Powered by a Wright R-760E-2 radial piston engine. 21 built.
.SR-10F
Powered by a Pratt & Whitney R-985 Wasp Junior SB radial piston
engine. 18 built.
.SR-10G
Powered by a Lycoming R-680-E1 radial piston engine. 12 built.
.SR-10J
Lycoming R-680-E3 engine. 11 built.
.SR-10K
Wright R-760E-3. Two built.
3.2.Military variants:-
.AT-19
USAAF designation for a training variant of the UC-81 for the Royal
Navy under Lend-Lease as the Reliant I, 500 built.
.AT-19A
Original designation of the L-9A which was a Voyager not a Reliant.
.AT-19B
Original designation of the L-9B which was a Voyager not a Reliant.
.AT-19C
Conversions of AT-19s for photo-survey aircraft for the USAAF, 51 conversions.
.UC-81
Four impressed SR.8Bs.
.UC-81A
Two impressed SR.10Gs.
4.Specifications (SR-10F):-
General characteristics:-
.Crew:- one, pilot
.Capacity:- 3 to 4 passengers
.Length:- 27 ft 11 in (8.51 m)
.Wingspan:- 41 ft 7 in (12.68 m)
.Height:- 8 ft 6 in (2.59 m)
.Wing area:- 256.5 sq ft (23.84 m²)
.Empty weight:- 3,045 lb (1,384 kg)
.Loaded weight:- 4,605 lb (2,093 kg)
.Powerplant:- 1 × Pratt & Whitney Wasp Junior SB nine-cylinder
air-cooled radial engine, 400 hp (298 kW)
Performance:-
.Cruise speed: 154 knots (177 mph, 285 km/h)
.Range: 739 nmi (850 mi, 1,369 km)
.Service ceiling: 21,000 ft (6,400 m)
.Rate of climb: 1,330 ft/min (6.8 m/s)
Aircraft cabin:-
An aircraft cabin is the section of an aircraft in which passengers
travel. At cruising altitudes of modern commercial aircraft the
surrounding atmosphere is too thin for passengers and crew to breathe
without an oxygen mask, so cabins are pressurized at a higher pressure
than ambient pressure at altitude.
In commercial air travel, particularly in airliners, cabins may be
divided into several parts. These can include travel class sections in
medium and large aircraft, areas for flight attendants, the galley and
storage for in-flight service. Seats are mostly arranged in rows and
alleys. The higher the travel class, the more space is provided.
Cabins of the different travel classes are often divided by curtains,
sometimes called class dividers though some airlines will not utilize
a curtain between Business and First class. Passengers are not usually
allowed to visit higher travel class cabins in commercial flights.
Some aircraft cabins contain passenger entertainment systems. Short
haul cabins tend to have no or shared screens whereas long haul
flights often contain personal screens which allow passengers to
choose what to watch on their personal screen.
Aircraft engines:-
Throughout the 1920s and 1930s, Armstrong Siddeley produced a range of
low- and mid-power aircraft radial engines, all named after big cats.
They also produced a tiny 2-cylinder engine called the Ounce, another
name for the snow leopard, for ultralight aircraft.
The company started work on their first gas turbine engine in 1939,
following the design pioneered at the Royal Aircraft Establishment by
Alan Arnold Griffith. Known as the "ASX" for "Armstrong Siddeley
eXperimental", the original pure-turbojet design was later adapted to
drive a propeller, resulting in the "ASP". From then on, AS turbine
engines were named after snakes. The Mamba and Double Mamba were
turboprop engines, the latter being a complex piece of engineering
with two side-by-side Mambas driving through a common gearbox, and
could be found on the Fairey Gannet. The Python turboprop powered the
Westland Wyvern strike aircraft. Further development of the Mamba
removed the reduction gearbox to give the Adder turbojet.
Another pioneer in the production of the RAE engine design was
Metrovick, who started with a design known as the Metrovick F.2. This
engine never entered production, and Metrovick turned to a larger
design, the Beryl, and then to an even larger design, the Sapphire.
Armstrong Siddeley later took over the Sapphire design, and it went on
to be one of the most successful 2nd generation jet engines, competing
with the better-known Rolls-Royce Avon.
The company went on to develop an engine - originally for unmanned
Jindivik target drones - called the Viper. This product was further
developed by Bristol Siddeley and, later, Rolls-Royce and was sold in
great numbers over many years. A range of rocket motors were also
produced, including the Snarler and Stentor. The rocket development
complemented that of Bristol, and Bristol Siddeley would become the
leading British manufacturer of rocket engines for missiles.
Keywords of Stinson Reliant Single engine, high wing, cabin class
aircraft 1933-1941:-
aircraft engine.
Stinson Reliant:-
The Stinson Reliant was a popular single-engine four to five seat
high-wing monoplane manufactured by the Stinson Aircraft Division of
the Aviation Manufacturing Corporation of Wayne, Michigan.
Role:- Liaison and training monoplane
National origin:- United States
Manufacturer:- Stinson Aircraft Company
First flight:- 1933
Primary user:- United States Army Air Corps
Number built:- 1327
Contents:-
1.Design and development
2.Operational history
3.Variants
3.1 Civilian variants
3.2 Military variants
4.Specifications (SR-10F)
1.Design and development:-
The Reliant is a three-place high-wing fixed tailwheel land monoplane
powered with a variety of radial engines.
1,327 Reliants of all types were made from 1933 to 1941, in different
models, from SR-1 to SR-10. The final commercial model, the Stinson
Reliant SR-10, was introduced in 1938. A militarized version was first
flown in February 1942 and remained in production through several
additional versions (all externally identical) until late 1943 for the
US and British armed forces.
Reliant production can be broken into two distinct types
- the straight wing Reliants (all models up to SR-6) and the gull wing
Reliants (all models from SR-7 and after including the militarized
V-77/AT-19) with there being little in common between the two groups
of types. The straight wing Reliant had a wing of constant chord and
thickness which was supported by two struts each side with additional
bracing struts. In contrast the taper wing Reliant had the broadest
chord and thickness of the wing at mid span, with the outer wing
trailing edge heavily angled forward and a rounded cutout on the
leading edge root, all supported by a single strut. The taper wing had
a significant step up between the fuselage and the wing, and the
changes in wing thickness gave it a distinct gull appearance from the
front.
2.Operational history:-
The Reliant was used by the U.S. Army in World War II as a utility
aircraft, designated UC-81, and as trainer designated AT-19. They were
also used by the Royal Navy and Royal Air Force for light transport
and communication duties. After the war they were sold on the civilian
market as the Vultee V-77.
The V-77 was a spartan version of the SR-10 with the 300 hp Lycoming
R680-E3B, a single door on the left side and the traditional "Bump"
cowl was replaced with a simpler smooth cowl. Internal structure was
beefed up significantly over the commercial models and a distinctive
triangle shaped counterbalance was added to the rudder.
3.Variants:-
The SR-10 Reliant was available as a landplane, seaplane and skidplane
in the following configurations:-
.Ambulance (2 Stretchers)
.Cargo/Ambulance
.Target Towing
.Firefighting
.Photographic
3.1.Civilian variants:-
.SR Reliant
Powered by a 215 hp (160 kW) Lycoming R-680 radial piston engine.
.SR-1
Powered by a 240 hp (180 kW) Lycoming R-680-2 radial piston
engine. Two built.
.SR-2
Powered by a 240-hp (179-kW) Lycoming R-680-7 radial piston engine.
.SR-3
Similar to the SR-1, but with minor structural changes.
.SR-4
Powered by a 250-hp (186-kW) Wright R-760-E radial piston engine.
.SR-5
Improved version, powered by a 225-hp (168-kW) Lycoming R-680-4
radial piston engine.
.SR-5A
Powered by a 245-hp (183-kW) Lycoming R-680-6 radial piston engine.
.SR-5B
Powered by a 240-hp (179-kW) Lycoming R-680-2 radial piston engine.
.SR-5C
Powered by a 260-hp (194-kW) Lycoming R-680-5 radial piston engine.
.SR-5E
Powered by a 225-hp (168-kW) Lycoming R-680-4 radial piston engine.
.SR-5F
Powered by a 250-hp (186-kW) Wright R-760-E radial piston engine.
.SR-6
Five-seat cabin aircraft, powered by a Lycoming R-680-6 radial
piston engine.
.SR-6A
Four-seat cabin aircraft, powered by a 225-hp (168-kW) Lycoming
R-680-4 radial piston engine.
.SR-6B
Four-seat cabin aircraft, powered by a Lycoming R-680-5 radial
piston engine.
.SR-7
First gull wing series.
.SR-7B
Five-seat cabin aircraft, powered by a Lycoming R-680-B6 radial
piston engine. 47 built.
.SR-7C
Five-seat cabin aircraft, powered by a Lycoming R-680-B5 radial
piston engine. Three built.
.SR-8A
Four-seat cabin aircraft.
.SR-8B
Four-seat cabin aircraft, powered by a Lycoming R-680-B6 radial
piston engine.
.SR-8C
Four-seat cabin aircraft, powered by a Lycoming R-680-B5 radial
piston engine.
.SR-8D
Four-seat cabin aircraft, powered by a Wright R-760-E2 radial piston engine.
.SR-8DM
Utility transport version of the SR-8D.
.SR-8E
Five-seat cabin aircraft, powered by a 320-hp (239-kW) Wright
R-760-E23 radial piston engine.
.SR-8DE
Utility transport version of the SR-8E.
.SR-9
SR-9A
SR-9B
Powered by a Lycoming R-680-B2 radial piston engine.
.SR-9C
Powered by a Lycoming R-680-D5 radial piston engine.
.SR-9D
Powered by a Wright R-760-E1 radial piston engine.
.SR-9E
Powered by a Wright R-760-E2 radial piston engine.
.SR-9F
Powered by a Pratt & Whitney R-985 radial piston engine.
.SR-10
SR-10B
Powered by a Lycoming R-680-D6. One built.
.SR-10C
Powered by a Lycoming R-680-D5 engine. 46 built.
.SR-10D
Wright R-760E-1 engine. 3 built.
.SR-10E
Powered by a Wright R-760E-2 radial piston engine. 21 built.
.SR-10F
Powered by a Pratt & Whitney R-985 Wasp Junior SB radial piston
engine. 18 built.
.SR-10G
Powered by a Lycoming R-680-E1 radial piston engine. 12 built.
.SR-10J
Lycoming R-680-E3 engine. 11 built.
.SR-10K
Wright R-760E-3. Two built.
3.2.Military variants:-
.AT-19
USAAF designation for a training variant of the UC-81 for the Royal
Navy under Lend-Lease as the Reliant I, 500 built.
.AT-19A
Original designation of the L-9A which was a Voyager not a Reliant.
.AT-19B
Original designation of the L-9B which was a Voyager not a Reliant.
.AT-19C
Conversions of AT-19s for photo-survey aircraft for the USAAF, 51 conversions.
.UC-81
Four impressed SR.8Bs.
.UC-81A
Two impressed SR.10Gs.
4.Specifications (SR-10F):-
General characteristics:-
.Crew:- one, pilot
.Capacity:- 3 to 4 passengers
.Length:- 27 ft 11 in (8.51 m)
.Wingspan:- 41 ft 7 in (12.68 m)
.Height:- 8 ft 6 in (2.59 m)
.Wing area:- 256.5 sq ft (23.84 m²)
.Empty weight:- 3,045 lb (1,384 kg)
.Loaded weight:- 4,605 lb (2,093 kg)
.Powerplant:- 1 × Pratt & Whitney Wasp Junior SB nine-cylinder
air-cooled radial engine, 400 hp (298 kW)
Performance:-
.Cruise speed: 154 knots (177 mph, 285 km/h)
.Range: 739 nmi (850 mi, 1,369 km)
.Service ceiling: 21,000 ft (6,400 m)
.Rate of climb: 1,330 ft/min (6.8 m/s)
Aircraft cabin:-
An aircraft cabin is the section of an aircraft in which passengers
travel. At cruising altitudes of modern commercial aircraft the
surrounding atmosphere is too thin for passengers and crew to breathe
without an oxygen mask, so cabins are pressurized at a higher pressure
than ambient pressure at altitude.
In commercial air travel, particularly in airliners, cabins may be
divided into several parts. These can include travel class sections in
medium and large aircraft, areas for flight attendants, the galley and
storage for in-flight service. Seats are mostly arranged in rows and
alleys. The higher the travel class, the more space is provided.
Cabins of the different travel classes are often divided by curtains,
sometimes called class dividers though some airlines will not utilize
a curtain between Business and First class. Passengers are not usually
allowed to visit higher travel class cabins in commercial flights.
Some aircraft cabins contain passenger entertainment systems. Short
haul cabins tend to have no or shared screens whereas long haul
flights often contain personal screens which allow passengers to
choose what to watch on their personal screen.
Aircraft engines:-
Throughout the 1920s and 1930s, Armstrong Siddeley produced a range of
low- and mid-power aircraft radial engines, all named after big cats.
They also produced a tiny 2-cylinder engine called the Ounce, another
name for the snow leopard, for ultralight aircraft.
The company started work on their first gas turbine engine in 1939,
following the design pioneered at the Royal Aircraft Establishment by
Alan Arnold Griffith. Known as the "ASX" for "Armstrong Siddeley
eXperimental", the original pure-turbojet design was later adapted to
drive a propeller, resulting in the "ASP". From then on, AS turbine
engines were named after snakes. The Mamba and Double Mamba were
turboprop engines, the latter being a complex piece of engineering
with two side-by-side Mambas driving through a common gearbox, and
could be found on the Fairey Gannet. The Python turboprop powered the
Westland Wyvern strike aircraft. Further development of the Mamba
removed the reduction gearbox to give the Adder turbojet.
Another pioneer in the production of the RAE engine design was
Metrovick, who started with a design known as the Metrovick F.2. This
engine never entered production, and Metrovick turned to a larger
design, the Beryl, and then to an even larger design, the Sapphire.
Armstrong Siddeley later took over the Sapphire design, and it went on
to be one of the most successful 2nd generation jet engines, competing
with the better-known Rolls-Royce Avon.
The company went on to develop an engine - originally for unmanned
Jindivik target drones - called the Viper. This product was further
developed by Bristol Siddeley and, later, Rolls-Royce and was sold in
great numbers over many years. A range of rocket motors were also
produced, including the Snarler and Stentor. The rocket development
complemented that of Bristol, and Bristol Siddeley would become the
leading British manufacturer of rocket engines for missiles.
Keywords of Stinson Reliant Single engine, high wing, cabin class
aircraft 1933-1941:-
aircraft engine.
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