Country of origin
Russia Type
Short range airliner
Tupolev Tu-134 - Definition
An Tu-134 sits on the tarmac
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An Aeroflot Tu-134 sits on the tarmac
The Tupolev Tu-134 was a Russian twin-engined airliner, similar to the American Douglas DC-9.
One of the most used aircraft in the former Warsaw Pact countries, the number in active service is lowering because
of noise restrictions.
The Tu-134 was meant as a replacement of the Tu-124, which didn't fulfill the role it was intended for. Seating 70-80
passengers with a range of about 2400km it was the short-range mainstay of Aeroflot.
It would be the last Tupolev passenger aircraft with a glass nose, and the later B variant had the radar (which was chin
-mounted on the A models) in the nose. Compared to Western short-ranged jet airliners, the Tu-134 had a much sharper
sweepback angle (35 degrees, while most Western short-haulers had sweepbacks between 25 and 28 degrees).
Like many other Tupolev aircraft, the aircraft was fitted with a hefty low-pressure landing gear, retracting into nacelles
extending from the trailing edges of the wings. This allows the aircraft to operate from unpaved airstrips.
Production variants
All A variants have been built with the distinct glass nose, but some are modified to the B standard (closed nose):
Tu-134, glass nosed version, first series seating 70
Tu-134A, second series, seating 80
Tu-134A-3, second series, with uprated engines
Tu-134B, second series, 80 seats and closed nose
Tu-134B-3, second series, closed nose and uprated engines.
Some of the B models have long-range tanks fitted under the fuselage; these are visible as a prolific bulge
History
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For many years the Tupolev Tu-134 was the standard short haul jet airliner in the Soviet Union and eastern Europe.
The Tupolev design bureau was responsible for the Soviet Union's first jet powered airliner, the Tu-104 (which was
based on the Tu-16 `Badger' bomber), and the Tu-104's smaller brother the Tu-124. Both of these short range jetliners
suffered from a number of performance shortfalls however,
thus prompting development of the Tu-134.
The initial Tu-134 design was based fairly closely on the Tu-124, and for a time was designated the Tu-124A.
However Tupolev decided to reconfigure the aircraft to feature rear fuselage mounted engines and a Ttail, resulting in
the new designation.
Six development Tu-134s were built, with the first flying during 1962. Production began in 1964 although it was not
until September 1967 that Aeroflot launched full commercial services.
Initial production was of the standard fuselage length Tu-134, while the stretched Tu-134A entered Aeroflot service in
the second half of 1970. Seating up to 76 in a single class, the Tu-134A differed from the Tu-134 in having a 2.10m
(6ft 11in) fuselage stretch, a reprofiled nose, more powerful D30 engines and an APU.
Other versions are the Tu-134B with a forward facing position for the third crew member between and behind the
pilots, the Tu-134B1 which has a revised interior to seat up to 90 passengers without a galley, and the Tu-134B3
which can seat 96 with full galley and toilet facilities retained.
Powerplants
Tu-134 - Two 64.5kN (14,490lb) Soloviev D30 turbofans. Tu-134A - Two 66.7kN (14,990lb) Soloviev D30 Series
IIs.
Performance
Tu-134 - Max cruising speed 900km/h (485kt), economical cruising speed 750km/h (405kt). Normal operating ceiling
39,730ft. Range with 7000kg (15,420lb) payload and reserves 2400km (1295nm), with 3000kg (6600lb) payload
3500km (1890nm). Tu-134A - Max cruising speed 900km/h (485kt), economical cruising speed 750km/h (405kt).
Range with 5000kg (11,025lb) payload and reserves 3020km (1630nm).
Weights
Tu-134 - Operating empty 27,500kg (60,627lb), max takeoff 44,500kg (98,105lb). Tu-134A - Operating empty
29,050kg (64,045lb), max takeoff 47,000kg (103,600lb).
Dimensions
Tu-134 - Wing span 29.00m (95ft 2in), length 34.35m (112ft 8in), height 9.02m (29ft 7in). Wing area 127.3m2
(1370.3sq ft). Tu-134A - Same except length 37.05m (121ft 7in), height 9.14m (30ft 0in).
Capacity
Flightcrew of three, comprising two pilots and a navigator. Tu-134 seats 72 in a single class. Tu-134A seats up to
84 passengers in a single class at four abreast, or 12 first class and 54 economy class at four abreast in a two class
arrangement. Tu-134B3 can seat up to 96 in a single class.
Production
Production estimated at over 700, most for Aeroflot, but approximately 170 exported to various east European
airlines and other Soviet client states. Approx 365 were in service in late 1998.
Tu-134
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Airliner
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The Tupolev Tu-134 is a twin-engined short- to medium-range narrowbody jet airliner with a capacity of maximum 95 passengers developed by the Soviet Design Bureau OKB Tupolev.
Crew 3-4
Passengers 95
Propulsion 2 Turbofan Engines
Engine Model Solowjew / Soloviev D-30-II
Engine Power (each) 30,3 kN 6812 lbf
Speed 885 km/h 478 kts
550 mph
Service Ceiling 11.890 m 39.009 ft
Range 1.891 km 1.021 NM
1.175 mi.
Empty Weight 29.050 kg 64.044 lbs
max. Takeoff Weight 47.000 kg 103.617 lbs
Wing Span 29,00 m 95,1 ft
Wing Area 127,3 m² 1370 ft²
Length 37,05 m 121,6 ft
Height 9,14 m 30,0 ft
First Flight 1963
Production Status out of production
Total Production ca. 700
ICAO Code T134
NATO Code Crusty
Data for (Version) Tupolev / Tupolew Tu-134A
Remarks
The Tu-134 is a development of the Tupolev Tu-124.
Ankita Verma MBA[HR]
Management Trainee
Gtalk : AnneV.AeroSoft@gmail.com
Y! Messenger : AnneV.AeroSoft@yahoo.com
Rediff Bol : AnneV.AeroSoft@rediffmail.com
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